2020年2月9日星期日
Comparison Table of Tenses 时态对比图 解决你的疑惑
Comparison
table
查看单一用法 ：直看
； 查看对比 ：横看
*Vertically : Check for comparison among tenses
*Horizontally : Check for specific tenses
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Present Perfect
(has/have + past
participle)
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Present Perfect
Continuous
(has/have + been +
present participle)
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Past Perfect
(had + past participle)
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Past Perfect Continuous
(had
+ been + present participle)
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Past Simple
Past (verb)
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Present Continuous
(Am/is/are + present participle)
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I have been doing 我一直都在（动词），刚停止
I’ve been working hard. Now I’m going to have a break.
我一直都在努力工作。
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I am doing 我正在（还在持续）
Don’t
disturb me, I’m working.
别打扰我，我正在工作。
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I
have done
我完成了。
注重活动的结果，动作已经完成。
The car is functioning
again. I’ve repaired it.
车子能重新操作了。我刚修理好了。
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I have been doing
注重活动的过程，不知动作是否完成。
My hands are dirty. I’ve
been repairing the car.
我的手脏了。我一直都在修理车子。（一直到我说话的当下才停止）
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How much,
how many?
一个完毕的动作发生了多少次？
How
much of that book have you read? 你读那本书的几多了？（多少页）
Sally
has written five letters today. 莎莉今天写了五封信。
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How long? 一个还未完毕的活动发生了多久？
How
long have you been reading the book? （你读这本书多久了）
Sally
has been writing the letters all day.
莎莉一整天都在写信。
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I have been doing （在现在式） 一直到现在
Why my boy hasn’t pick me up? I’ve been waiting
for one hour.
为什么我的boy还没来接我（说这句话是=现在）？到目前为止，我已经等了一个小时了。
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I had been doing （在过去式）一直到过的某个点
My boy hadn’t pick me up yesterday. I’d been
waiting for one hour.
我的boy昨天没来接我（说这句话是=过去式）。我已经等了一个小时了。
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Have
+ past participle
I
have done
在现在式 * 动作完成
The
house is dirty. He hasn’t cleaned it for weeks.
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Had
+ past participle
I
had done
在一件过去式的活动 *之前发生 (过去的过去)
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The Continuous Tense + Exercise & Answer
2.1.4 The Continuous tenses (正进行式):
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Auxiliary Verb (was/were)
+ Present Participle = Past Continuous Tense 过去*正在进行 |
Auxiliary Verb (is/are/am)
+ Present Participle = Present Continuous Tense 现在*正在进行 |
Modal verb ‘will’/ ‘shall’
+ Auxiliary verb ‘be’ + Present Participle = Future Continuous Tense
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1.
talk about an action
that was continued for some time.（曾经维持一段时间的）
(Richard was
doing his history assignment all yesterday afternoon.)
2. talk about two actions that were going on at the same time
in the past. （曾经同时进行的）
(While I was sweeping the floor, my
mother was cooking.)
3.
show that an ongoing
or longer past action was interrupted by a shorter action. The ongoing action
is expressed in the past continuous tense, while the
shorter action is expressed in the simple past tense. （在过去式，一件已发生的事SPT中断了一件持续进行的动作 PCT）
（I was watching television
when someone knocked on the door.)
A. Fill in the blanks with the future continuous tense of the verbs in brackets.
1. Puan Saminah ________________ (teach) the students mathematics next year.
2. Sally ______________ (wear) a red rose behind her ear when she meets you at the airport.
3. Michelle and her boyfriend ________________ (watch) a movie at 8 tomorrow evening.
B. Choose the correct answer.
1)
He ( was riding, were
riding ) a motorcycle when two traffic cops ( stopped, were stopping ) him.
2)
While my grandmother ( scaled, was scaling )
a fish, my sister ( boiled, was boiling ) a few eggs.
3)
My siblings ( discussed, were discussing ) the Christmas party all
yesterday afternoon.
Answer:
A:will be teaching / will be wearing / will be wearing/ will be watching
B:
was riding , stopped him
was scaling , was boiling
were discussing
Simple Future Tense + Exercise & Answer
2.1.3 Simple Future Tense
The Simple Future Tense is formed by combining the
modal verb ‘will’ / ‘shall’ with the base form of a verb.
Modal verb ‘will’/ ‘shall’
+ Base form of a verb
‘Going To’ Form（即将要）
The ‘Going To’ Form is
formed by combining the auxiliary verb ‘am’ / ‘is’
/ ‘are’, ‘going to’ and the base form of a
verb.Auxiliary verb (am/is/are) + ‘Going To’ + Base form of a verb
The ‘going to’ form is used:
1)
to talk about future
action, especially a planned action.
(Ann and Benny are going to tour Australia
next month.)
2) to show that something is sure to happen.
(The election is going to take place next
week.)
A.
Fill in the blanks with the simple “WILL” future tense of the verbs in
brackets.
1)
L.K.
__________________ (accompany) you to the post office next Monday.
2)
The postman ________
probably ________ (deliver) the parcel to me this afternoon.
3)
My brother _________________ (reply) to his pen pal’s
letter in a while.
B. Rewrite the following sentences,
using the ‘going to’ form of the verbs in brackets.
1. I promised I (visit) my grandparents next Wednesday.
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2. My husband and I (paint) our new house next weekend.
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3. Let’s stay indoors. It (rain).
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4. I am thirsty. I (drink) a glass of water to quench my thirst.
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5. They are not feeling well. Instead of taking Panadol, they
(see) a doctor in a while
as the Wuhan virus is widely spread.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Answers :
A: will accompany / will deliver / will reply
B:
I promised I'm going to visit my grandparents next Wednesday.
My husband and I are going to paint our new house next weekend.
Let's stay indoors. It's going to rain.
I am thirsty. I'm going to drink a glass of water to quench my thirst.
They are not feeling well. Instead of taking Panadol, they're going to see a doctor in a while as the Wuhan virus is widely spread.
Simple Past Tense + Exercise & Answer
2.1.2 The Simple Past Tense is used for a past action.
We know when the action happened. - 知道动作在什么时候完成。注明时间
Therefore, words and phrases like ‘a few seconds ago’, ‘just now’, ‘this morning’, ‘yesterday’, ‘last month’, ‘last year’, ‘last Christmas’, etc. are often used in sentences written in the simple past tense.
Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense of the verbs given in
brackets.
1. Jason (show) me
his photo albums a while ago.
2. He ____________ (wear) this jacket when he
____________ (go) shopping yesterday.
3. Mr. Lim ____________ (spend) some time reading
yesterday afternoon.
4. The little girl ____________ (leave) her
umbrella at school last week.
5. I ____________
(think) of visiting you last month but ____________ (have) no transport.
Spelling Rules
no -e + ed
-e + d
-y cancel y , +ied
Doubling consonants
like stop/stopping/stopped or wet / wetter/
wettest
ü 单音节 : 单个vowel + 单个consonant 作结尾
*除了visit/ develop/ happen / remember
ü In British English, Verbs ending
in -l will be doubled
Travel – Travelled –
Travelling
Cancel – Cancelled -
Cancelling
Answer: showed / wore,went / spent / left / thought, had
**Some verbs are not following the spelling rules, known as IRREGULAR VERBs.
The table of irregular verbs is in another post.
**有些动词不遵循以上的拼音规则，属于不规则动词。
其表格在另一个帖子。
Simple Present Tense + Exercise & Answer
2.1.1
The Simple Present Tense is used:
(i)
when
we want to show a fact or truth. 写事实
(ii)
for
actions that are done often or regularly. 经常/有规律做的动作
Therefore, words and
phrases like often, usually, every
day, every month, always, sometimes, frequently,
are often used in
sentences which are written in the simple present tense.
1.
Ms. Siaw usually ( listen, listens ) to the radio at night.
2.
They ( have, has ) their dinner at five o'clock every evening.
3.
Muslims ( celebrate, celebrates ) Hari Raya Aidilfitri.
4.
Mount Everest ( is, are ) the highest
mountain in the world.
5.
The bookworm, Sally frequently ( borrow, borrows ) books from the
library.
Answer: listens , have , celebrate. is , borrows
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